Because I have friends who doubt that second-hand smoke is anything more than a nuisance, i decided to post this article abstract:
Genotoxicity of environmental tobacco smoke: a review.Husgafvel-Pursiainen K - Mutat Res - 01-NOV-2004; 567(2-3): 427-45From NIH/NLM MEDLINE
NLM Citation ID:15572289 (PubMed)
Full Source Title:Mutation Research
Publication Type:Journal Article; Review
Language:English
Author Affiliation:Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. kirsti.husgafvel-pursiainen@ttl.fi
Authors:Husgafvel-Pursiainen K
Number of References:169
Abstract:Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), or second-hand smoke, is a widespread contaminant of indoor air in environments where smoking is not prohibited. It is a significant source of exposure to a large number of substances known to be hazardous to human health. Numerous expert panels have concluded that there is sufficient evidence to classify involuntary smoking (or passive smoking) as carcinogenic to humans. According to the recent evaluation by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, involuntary smoking causes lung cancer in never-smokers with an excess risk in the order of 20% for women and 30% for men. The present paper reviews studies on genotoxicity and related endpoints carried out on ETS since the mid-1980s. The evidence from in vitro studies demonstrates induction of DNA strand breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mutagenicity in bacterial assays and cytogenetic effects. In vivo experiments in rodents have shown that exposure to tobacco smoke, whole-body exposure to mainstream smoke (MS), sidestream smoke (SS), or their mixture, causes DNA single strand breaks, aromatic adducts and oxidative damage to DNA, chromosome aberrations and micronuclei. Genotoxicity of transplacental exposure to ETS has also been reported. Review of human biomarker studies conducted among non-smokers with involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke indicates presence of DNA adducts, urinary metabolites of carcinogens, urinary mutagenicity, SCEs and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene mutations (in newborns exposed through involuntary smoking of the mother). Studies on human lung cancer from smokers and never-smokers involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke suggest occurrence of similar kinds of genetic alterations in both groups. In conclusion, these overwhelming data are compatible with the current knowledge on the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of tobacco-related cancers, occurring not only in smokers but with a high biological plausibility also in involuntary smokers.
Major Subjects:
Mutagens / * toxicity
Tobacco Smoke Pollution / * adverse effects
Additional Subjects:
Air Pollution, Indoor / adverse effects
Carcinogens / toxicity
Chromosome Aberrations
DNA Damage
Female
Humans
Lung Neoplasms / chemically induced / genetics
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Mutation
Polymorphism, Genetic
Pregnancy
Chemical Compound Name:(Carcinogens); (Mutagens)
Bookmark URL: /das/journal/view/45292219-2/N/15246486?source=MI
There's more where this came from.